I'm using SAS Proc GLM to make predictions for a dependent variable with some missing values. Note that all of the predictor variables are fully observed, i.e., the predictors contain no missing values. The standard syntax is:
proc glm data=test;
class a;
model dv=a b c/solution;
output out=testx p=pred;
run;
Since the predictors have no missing values the output data should contain predictions for the missing values wrt the dependent variable.
My output does not contain predictions for the missing values in the dependent variable.
What am I doing wrong?
You will need to show your work. This example contradicts your claim.
data class;
set sashelp.class;
x = ranuni(1);
if x gt .9 then weight=.;
run;
proc print;
run;
proc glm;
class sex;
model weight=sex height age / solution;
output out=testx p=pred r=r;
run;
proc print;
run;
Related
I'm trying to export quartile information on a grouped dataset as a dataset in SAS but when I run this code my output is a table with the correct information displayed but the dataset WORK.TOP_1O_PERC is only summary statistics of the set (no quartiles). Does anyone know how I can export this as the CLASS (PDX) and its 25th and 75th percentiles? Thanks!
PROC MEANS DATA=WORK.TOP_10_DX P25 P75;
CLASS PDX;
VAR AmtPaid;
OUTPUT OUT = WORK.TOP_10_PERC;
RUN;
I like the STACKODS output that is a data set which is like the default printed output.
proc means data=sashelp.class n p25 p75 stackods;
ods output summary=summary;
run;
proc print;
run;
You can use output statement with <statistics>= options.
PROC MEANS DATA=WORK.TOP_10_DX NOPRINT;
CLASS PDX;
VAR AmtPaid;
OUTPUT OUT = WORK.TOP_10_PERC P25=P25 P75=P75;
RUN;
Compared to ods output, output statement is much faster but less flexible with multiple analysis variables or by statement specified situation.
I'm doing a simple count of occurrences of a by-variable within a class variable, but cannot find a way to rename the total count across class variables. At the moment, the output dataset includes counts for all cluster2 within each group as well as the total count across all groups (i.e. the class variable used). However, the counts within classes are named, while the total is shown by an empty string.
Code:
proc means data=seeds noprint;
class group;
by cluster2;
id label2;
output out=seeds_counts (drop= _type_ _freq_) n(id)=count;
run;
Example of output file:
cluster2 group label2 count
7 area 1 20
7 sa area 1 15
7 sb area 1 5
15 area 15 42
15 sa area 15 18
....
Naturally, renaming the emtpy string to "Total" could be accomplished in a separate datastep, but I would like to do it directly in the Proc Means-step. It should be simple and trivial, but I haven't found a way so far. Afterwards, I want to transpose the dataset, which means that the emtpy string has to be changed, or it will be dropped in the proc transpose.
I don't know of a way to do it directly, but you can sort-of-cheat: you can tell SAS to show "Total" instead of missing.
proc format;
value $MissTotalF
' ' = 'Total'
other = [$CHAR12.];
quit;
proc means data=sashelp.class noprint;
class sex;
id age;
output out=sex_counts (drop= _type_ _freq_) n(age)=count;
format sex $MissTotalF.;
run;
For example. I'd also recommend using PROC TABULATE instead of PROC MEANS if you're just going for counts, though in this case it doesn't really make much difference.
The problem here is that if the variable in the class statement is numeric, then the resultant column will be numeric, therefore you can't add the word Total (unless you use a format, similar to the answer from #Joe). This will be why the value is missing, as the class variable can be either numeric or character.
Here's an example of a numeric class variable.
proc sort data=sashelp.class out=class;
by sex;
run;
proc means data=class noprint;
class age;
by sex;
output out=class_counts (drop= _:) n=count;
run;
Using proc tabulate can display the result pretty much how you want it, however the output dataset will have the same missing values, so won't really help. Here's a couple of examples.
proc tabulate data=class out=class_tabulate1 (drop=_:);
class sex age;
table sex*(age all='Total'),n='';
run;
proc tabulate data=class out=class_tabulate2 (drop=_:);
class sex age;
table sex,age*n='' all='Total';
run;
I think the best option to achieve your final goal is to add the nway option to proc means, which will remove the subtotals, then transpose the data and finally write a data step that creates the Total column by summing each row. It's 3 steps, but doesn't involve much coding.
Here is one method you could use by taking advantage of the _TYPE_ variable so that you can process the totals and details separately. You will still have trouble with PROC TRANSPOSE if there is a class with missing values (separate from the overall summary record).
proc means data=sashelp.class noprint;
class sex;
id age;
output out=sex_counts (drop= _freq_ ) n(age)=count;
run;
proc transpose data=sex_counts out=transpose prefix=count_ ;
where _type_=1 ;
id sex ;
var count;
run;
data transpose ;
merge transpose sex_counts(where=(_type_=0) keep=_type_ count);
rename count=count_Total;
drop _type_;
run;
I have the following problem. I need to run PROC FREQ on multiple variables, but I want the output to all be on the same table. Currently, a PROC FREQ statement with something like TABLES ERstatus Age Race, InsuranceStatus; will calculate frequencies for each variable and print them all on separate tables. I just want the data on ONE table.
Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!
P.S. I tried using PROC TABULATE, but it didn't not calculate N correctly, so I'm not sure what I did wrong. Here is my code for PROC TABULATE. My variables are all categorical, so I just need to know N and percentages.
PROC TABULATE DATA = BCanalysis;
CLASS ERstatus PRstatus Race TumorStage InsuranceStatus;
TABLE (ERstatus PRstatus Race TumorStage) * (N COLPCTN), InsuranceStatus;
RUN;
The above code does not return the correct frequencies based on InsuranceStatus where 0 = insured and 1 = uninsured, but PROC FREQ does. Also doesn't calculate correctly with ROWPCTN. So any way that I can get PROC FREQ to calculate multiple variables on one table, or PROC TABULATE to return the correct frequencies, would be appreciated.
Here is a nice image of my output in a simplified analysis of only ERstatus and InsuranceStatus. You can see that PROC FREQ returns 204 people with an ERstatus of 1 and InsuranceStatus of 1. That's correct. The values in PROC TABULATE are not.
OUTPUT
I'll answer this separately as this is answering the other possible interpretation of the question; when it's clarified I'll delete one or the other.
If you want this in a single printed table, then you either need to use proc tabulate or you need to normalize your data - meaning put it in the form of variable | value. PROC FREQ is not capable of doing multiple one-way frequencies in a single table.
For PROC TABULATE, likely your issue is missing data. Any variable that is on the class statement will be checked for missingness, and if any rows are missing data for any of the class variables, those rows are entirely excluded from the tabulation for all variables.
You can override this by adding the missing option on the class statement, or in the table statement, or in the proc tabulate statement. So:
PROC TABULATE DATA = BCanalysis;
CLASS ERstatus PRstatus Race TumorStage InsuranceStatus/missing;
TABLE (ERstatus PRstatus Race TumorStage) * (N COLPCTN), InsuranceStatus;
RUN;
This will result in a slightly different appearance than on your table, though, as it will include the missing rows in places you probably do not want them, and they'll be factored against the colpctn when again you probably don't want them.
Typically some manipulation is then necessary; the easiest is to normalize your data and then run a tabulation (using PROC TABULATE or PROC FREQ, whichever is more appropriate; TABULATE has better percentaging options though) against that normalized dataset.
Let's say we have this:
data class;
set sashelp.class;
if _n_=5 then call missing(age);
if _n_=3 then call missing(sex);
run;
And we want these two tables in one table.
proc freq data=class;
tables age sex;
run;
If we do this:
proc tabulate data=class;
class age sex;
tables (age sex),(N colpctn);
run;
Then we get an N=17 total for both subtables - that's not what we want, we want N=18. Then we can do:
proc tabulate data=class;
class age sex/missing;
tables (age sex),(N colpctn);
run;
But that's not quite right either; I want F to have 8/18 = 44.44% and M 10/18 = 55.55%, not 42% and 53% with 5% allocated to the missing row.
The way I do this is to normalize the data. This means you get a dataset with 2 variables, varname and val, or whatever makes sense for your data, plus whatever identifier/demographic/whatnot variables you might have. val has to be character unless all of your values are numeric.
So for example here I normalize class with age and sex variables. I don't keep any identifiers, but you certainly could in your data, I imagine InsuranceStatus would be kept there if I understand what you're doing in that table. Once I have the normalized table, I just use those two variables, and carefully construct a denominator definition in proc tabulate to have the right basis for my pctn value. It's not quite the same as the single table before - the variable name is in its own column, not on top of the list of values - but honestly that looks better in my opinion.
data class_norm;
set class;
length val $2;
varname='age';
val=put(age,2. -l);
if not missing(age) then output;
varname='sex';
val=sex;
if not missing(sex) then output;
keep varname val;
run;
proc tabulate data=class_norm;
class varname val;
tables varname=' '*val=' ',n pctn<val>;
run;
If you want something better than this, you'll probably have to construct it in proc report. That gives you the most flexibility, but is the most onerous to program in also.
You can use ODS OUTPUT to get all of the PROC FREQ output to one dataset.
ods output onewayfreqs=class_freqs;
proc freq data=sashelp.class;
tables age sex;
run;
ods output close;
or
ods output crosstabfreqs=class_tabs;
proc freq data=sashelp.class;
tables sex*(height weight);
run;
ods output close;
Crosstabfreqs is the name of the cross-tab output, while one-way frequencies are onewayfreqs. You can use ods trace to find out the name if you forget it.
You may (probably will) still need to manipulate this dataset some to get the structure you want ultimately.
I have a null dataset such as
data a;
if 0;
run;
Now I wish to use proc report to print this dataset. Of course, there will be nothing in the report, but I want one sentence in the report said "It is a null dataset". Any ideas?
Thanks.
You can test to see if there are any observations in the dataset first. If there are observations, then use the dataset, otherwise use a dummy dataset that looks like this and print it:
data use_this_if_no_obs;
msg = 'It is a null dataset';
run;
There are plenty of ways to test datasets to see if they contain any observations or not. My personal favorite is the %nobs macro found here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/5665758/214994 (other than my answer, there are several alternate approaches to pick from, or do a google search).
Using this %nobs macro we can then determine the dataset to use in a single line of code:
%let ds = %sysfunc(ifc(%nobs(iDs=sashelp.class) eq 0, use_this_if_no_obs, sashelp.class));
proc print data=&ds;
run;
Here's some code showing the alternate outcome:
data for_testing_only;
if 0;
run;
%let ds = %sysfunc(ifc(%nobs(iDs=for_testing_only) eq 0, use_this_if_no_obs, sashelp.class));
proc print data=&ds;
run;
I've used proc print to simplify the example, but you can adapt it to use proc report as necessary.
For the no data report you don't need to know how many observations are in the data just that there are none. This example shows how I would approach the problem.
Create example data with zero obs.
data class;
stop;
set sashelp.class;
run;
Check for no obs and add one obs with missing on all vars. Note that no observation are every read from class in this step.
data class;
if eof then output;
stop;
modify class end=eof;
run;
make the report
proc report data=class missing;
column _all_;
define _all_ / display;
define name / order;
compute before name;
retain_name=name;
endcomp;
compute after;
if not missing(retain_name) then l=0;
else l=40;
msg = 'No data for this report';
line msg $varying. l;
endcomp;
run;
What i want to do: I need to create a new variables for each value labels of a variable and do some recoding. I have all the value labels output from a SPSS file (see sample).
Sample:
proc format; library = library ;
value SEXF
1 = 'Homme'
2 = 'Femme' ;
value FUMERT1F
0 = 'Non'
1 = 'Oui , occasionnellement'
2 = 'Oui , régulièrement'
3 = 'Non mais j''ai déjà fumé' ;
value ... (many more with different amount of levels)
The new variable name would be the actual one without F and with underscore+level (example: FUMERT1F level 0 would become FUMERT1_0).
After that i need to recode the variables on this pattern:
data ds; set ds;
FUMERT1_0=0;
if FUMERT1=0 then FUMERT1_0=1;
FUMERT1_1=0;
if FUMERT1=1 then FUMERT1_1=1;
FUMERT1_2=0;
if FUMERT1=2 then FUMERT1_2=1;
FUMERT1_3=0;
if FUMERT1=3 then FUMERT1_3=1;
run;
Any help will be appreciated :)
EDIT: Both answers from Joe and the one of data_null_ are working but stackoverflow won't let me pin more than one right answer.
Update to add an _ underscore to the end of each name. It looks like there is not option for PROC TRANSREG to put an underscore between the variable name and the value of the class variable so we can just do a temporary rename. Create rename name=newname pairs to rename class variable to end in underscore and to rename them back. CAT functions and SQL into macro variables.
data have;
call streaminit(1234);
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('table',.2,.2,.2) - 1;
sex = first(substrn('MF',rand('table',.5),1));
output;
end;
stop;
run;
%let class=sex fumert1;
proc transpose data=have(obs=0) out=vnames;
var &class;
run;
proc print;
run;
proc sql noprint;
select catx('=',_name_,cats(_name_,'_')), catx('=',cats(_name_,'_'),_name_), cats(_name_,'_')
into :rename1 separated by ' ', :rename2 separated by ' ', :class2 separated by ' '
from vnames;
quit;
%put NOTE: &=rename1;
%put NOTE: &=rename2;
%put NOTE: &=class2;
proc transreg data=have(rename=(&rename1));
model class(&class2 / zero=none);
id caseid;
output out=design(drop=_: inter: rename=(&rename2)) design;
run;
%put NOTE: _TRGIND(&_trgindn)=&_trgind;
First try:
Looking at the code you supplied and the output from Joe's I don't really understand the need for the formats. It looks to me like you just want to create dummies for a list of class variables. That can be done with TRANSREG.
data have;
call streaminit(1234);
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('table',.2,.2,.2) - 1;
sex = first(substrn('MF',rand('table',.5),1));
output;
end;
stop;
run;
proc transreg data=have;
model class(sex fumert1 / zero=none);
id caseid;
output out=design(drop=_: inter:) design;
run;
proc contents;
run;
proc print data=design(obs=40);
run;
One good alternative to your code is to use proc transpose. It won't get you 0's in the non-1 cells, but those are easy enough to get. It does have the disadvantage that it makes it harder to get your variables in a particular order.
Basically, transpose once to vertical, then transpose back using the old variable name concatenated to the variable value as the new variable name. Hat tip to Data null for showing this feature in a recent SAS-L post. If your version of SAS doesn't support concatenation in PROC TRANSPOSE, do it in the data step beforehand.
I show using PROC EXPAND to then set the missings to 0, but you can do this in a data step as well if you don't have ETS or if PROC EXPAND is too slow. There are other ways to do this - including setting up the dataset with 0s pre-proc-transpose - and if you have a complicated scenario where that would be needed, this might make a good separate question.
data have;
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('Binomial',.3,3);
sex = rand('Binomial',.5,1)+1;
output;
end;
run;
proc transpose data=have out=want_pre;
by caseID;
var fumert1 sex;
copy fumert1 sex;
run;
data want_pre_t;
set want_pre;
x=1; *dummy variable;
run;
proc transpose data=want_pre_t out=want delim=_;
by caseID;
var x;
id _name_ col1;
copy fumert1 sex;
run;
proc expand data=want out=want_e method=none;
convert _numeric_ /transformin=(setmiss 0);
run;
For this method, you need to use two concepts: the cntlout dataset from proc format, and code generation. This method will likely be faster than the other option I presented (as it passes through the data only once), but it does rely on the variable name <-> format relationship being straightforward. If it's not, a slightly more complex variation will be required; you should post to that effect, and this can be modified.
First, the cntlout option in proc format makes a dataset of the contents of the format catalog. This is not the only way to do this, but it's a very easy one. Specify the appropriate libname as you would when you create a format, but instead of making one, it will dump the dataset out, and you can use it for other purposes.
Second, we create a macro that performs your action one time (creating a variable with the name_value name and then assigning it to the appropriate value) and then use proc sql to make a bunch of calls to that macro, once for each row in your cntlout dataset. Note - you may need a where clause here, or some other modifications, if your format library includes formats for variables that aren't in your dataset - or if it doesn't have the nice neat relationship your example does. Then we just make those calls in a data step.
*Set up formats and dataset;
proc format;
value SEXF
1 = 'Homme'
2 = 'Femme' ;
value FUMERT1F
0 = 'Non'
1 = 'Oui , occasionnellement'
2 = 'Oui , régulièrement'
3 = 'Non mais j''ai déjà fumé' ;
quit;
data have;
do caseID = 1 to 1e4;
fumert1 = rand('Binomial',.3,3);
sex = rand('Binomial',.5,1)+1;
output;
end;
run;
*Dump formats into table;
proc format cntlout=formats;
quit;
*Macro that does the above assignment once;
%macro spread_var(var=, val=);
&var._&val.= (&var.=&val.); *result of boolean expression is 1 or 0 (T=1 F=0);
%mend spread_var;
*make the list. May want NOPRINT option here as it will make a lot of calls in your output window otherwise, but I like to see them as output.;
proc sql;
select cats('%spread_var(var=',substr(fmtname,1,length(Fmtname)-1),',val=',start,')')
into :spreadlist separated by ' '
from formats;
quit;
*Actually use the macro call list generated above;
data want;
set have;
&spreadlist.;
run;