I have a vector of thousands of strings:
std::vector<std::wstring> a;
filled with some algorithms.
Following the method described here, here is how I create a ListView as a "virtual list":
hList = CreateWindowEx(0, WC_LISTVIEW, L"", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | LVS_REPORT | LVS_OWNERDATA, 0, 0, 800, 400, hWnd, (HMENU)ID_LISTVIEW, hInst, NULL);
LV_COLUMN lvcol;
...
ListView_InsertColumn(hList, 0, &lvcol);
ListView_SetItemCountEx(hList, 100000, LVSICF_NOSCROLL);
...
// in the message loop
case WM_NOTIFY:
pdi = (NMLVDISPINFO*) lParam;
pi = pdi->item;
switch (pdi->hdr.code)
{
case LVN_GETDISPINFO:
{
pi.mask = LVIF_TEXT;
pi.pszText = a[pi.iItem]; // the nth item should be the nth string in the vector
}
}
I tried a lot of variations on:
pi.pszText = a[pi.iItem];
but they all failed with such kind of errors:
Error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'std::basic_string,std::allocator>' to 'LPWSTR'
What could help to do this?
Note: in fact I would like to display on row n of the ListView : the nth string of vector a concatenated with the number n, like this Blabla217 on the row 217.
Note2: even after Igor's suggestion (i.e. a cast pi.pszText = LPWSTR(a[pi.iItem].c_str());), the ListView is still empty, instead of displaying elements.
I'm not exact sure about the problem you're facing, but one thing for sure, you're passing multi-byte string (std::string, using char) while it is asking for wide-char string (std::wstring, using WCHAR).
Here is a handy code that converts std::string to std::wstring.
inline std::wstring WideFromMulti(
std::string const & multi,
UINT codepage)
{
int cchWide = MultiByteToWideChar(codepage, 0, multi.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0);
LPWSTR szWide = new wchar_t[cchWide];
MultiByteToWideChar(codepage, 0, multi.c_str(), -1, szWide, cchWide);
std::wstring wide(szWide);
delete[] szWide;
return wide;
}
inline std::wstring WideFromUtf8(
std::string const & utf8)
{
return WideFromMulti(utf8, CP_UTF8);
}
Then you can get LPCWSTR by c_str().
std::string test_str;
std::wstring test_wstr = WideFromUtf8(test_str);
LPCWSTR wszTest = test_wstr.c_str();
What about LPWSTR? Well if you're sure that the string won't get modified, you can cast it by const_cast<LPWSTR>(wszTest). If you're strongly against const_cast, you may create a temporary copy of LPWSTR like this:
std::wstring test(L"Hello world");
LPCWSTR szTestConst = test.c_str();
int cchMax = ::lstrlenW(szTestConst) + 1;
std::vector<WCHAR> v(cchMax);
::lstrcpynW(&v[0], szTestConst, cchMax);
LPWSTR szTest = &v[0];
I don't really know why, but this solved it:
case WM_NOTIFY:
pdi = (NMLVDISPINFO*) lParam;
//pi = pdi->item;
switch (pdi->hdr.code)
{
case LVN_GETDISPINFO:
{
//pi.mask = LVIF_TEXT;
pdi->item.mask = LVIF_TEXT;;
//pi.pszText = a[pi.iItem];
pdi->item.pszText = a[pi.iItem];
}
}
i use the following program in c++ ,in Visual C++ 6.0, to inform me with message box when the MS Paint program is opened. It uses the exact name of the WINDOW of MS Paint,which is "Untitled - Paint" . However now i need to make the program inform me with message box when i know only a part of the name of the actual WINDOW , for example , if the window is "Abcdefgh - Paint" and i set the string name in this way - std::wstring windowName(L"Paint"); - the program to work again. Using the following 3 rows of code the program works fine when the actual WINDOW name is the exact name of the MS Paint window:
HWND windowHandle = FindWindowW(NULL, windowName.c_str());
DWORD* processID = new DWORD;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle, processID);
But it will not work if the string windowName is just part of the name, i mean if it is "Paint".
Can someone show me how to do this? I thought to take a list of the names of all opened WINDOWS and to compare them with my part of the real name, i mean to search match of the substring "Paint" in their names, but i don't know how to get all opened windows.
Also, this is very important, my computer is old and i am using Visual C++ 6.0, so i can not use all the evolution features of C++ and the program environments nowadays, i mean , i can not use code which is compiled correctly in .NET but does not compiles in Visual C++ 6.0.
Thanks
#include "stdafx.h"
#include < iostream>
#include < string>
#include < windows.h>
#include < sstream>
#include < ctime>
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
// TODO: Place code here.
std::wstring windowName(L"Untitled - Paint");
while(true)
{
Sleep(1000*5);
time_t t = time(0); // get time now
struct tm * now = localtime( & t );
int tday = now->tm_mday;
int tmin = now->tm_min;
int thour = now->tm_hour;
HWND windowHandle = FindWindowW(NULL, windowName.c_str());
DWORD* processID = new DWORD;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle, processID);
char probaintstr[20];
sprintf(probaintstr,"%d",*processID);
if(strlen(probaintstr) <=5 )
{
Sleep(1000*10);
MessageBox(NULL,"niama go Notepad ili Wordpad","zaglavie",MB_OK);
}
else {
}
}
return 0;
}
You can use EnumWindows, for example
BOOL CALLBACK enumWindow(HWND hwnd, LPARAM lp)
{
std::string str(512, 0);
int len = GetWindowText(hwnd, &str[0], str.size());
if (str.find("Paint") != std::string::npos)
{
MessageBox(0, str.c_str(), 0, 0);
}
return true;
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
{
EnumWindows(enumWindow, 0);
return 0;
}
Or you can use FindWindowEx and look for classname. The classname for MS Paint is "MSPaintApp". You can find this information from "Spy" utility for windows.
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
{
for (HWND hwnd = NULL;;)
{
hwnd = FindWindowExA(NULL, hwnd, "MSPaintApp", 0);
if (!hwnd)
break;
std::string str(512, 0);
int len = GetWindowText(hwnd, &str[0], 512);
str.resize(len);
if (str.find("Paint") != std::string::npos)
MessageBox(0, str.c_str(), 0, 0);
}
return 0;
}
For process id you don't need to allocate memory. Just use a reference:
DWORD processID;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle, &processID);
I am creating a CRichEditCtrl control and trying to load some RTF into it. The text seems to load fine, but it loses all formatting, essentially becoming plain text.
I think some sample code should suffice to make it clear:
class MyWindow : public CWnd {
void Setup();
static DWORD CALLBACK StreamInCallback_(
DWORD_PTR dwCookie, LPBYTE pbBuff,
LONG cb, LONG *pcb);
...
CRichEditCtrl content_;
};
void MyWindow::Setup() {
RECT text_rect;
GetClientRect(&text_rect);
text_rect.left += 8;
text_rect.right -= 16;
text_rect.top += 8;
text_rect.bottom -= 36;
content_.Create(WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_MULTILINE,
text_rect, this, 1001);
content_.SetTextMode(TM_RICHTEXT);
CString text = L"{\\rtf1\\par Simple \\b example \\b0}";
EDITSTREAM es;
es.dwCookie = reinterpret_cast<DWORD_PTR>(&text);
es.pfnCallback = StreamInCallback_;
int n = content_.StreamIn(SF_RTF, es);
}
DWORD CALLBACK MyWindow::StreamInCallback_(DWORD_PTR dwCookie, LPBYTE pbBuff,
LONG cb, LONG *pcb) {
CString *pText = reinterpret_cast<CString *>(dwCookie);
if (cb > pText->GetLength()) {
cb = pText->GetLength();
}
// TODO: this will only work for US-ASCII
for (int i = 0; i < cb; i++) {
*(pbBuff + i) = (BYTE) pText->GetAt(i);
}
*pcb = cb;
*pText = pText->Mid(cb);
return 0;
}
You can see an example of what this looks like in the screenshot below:
As you can see, it's got the text OK, but the word "example" should be bold. I've tried lots of different RTF, even taking what's saved by Wordpad and using that directly, but it still only displays the text as plain text and all formatting is lost. No errors are returned from any of the function calls, either.
Sure looks correct to me. Though, I've never used SetTextMode(TM_RICHTEXT) when dealing with RTF content. Try removing that call.
Also, an erroneous StreamInCallback may yield weird text problems. I suggest you do it the right way from start:
DWORD CALLBACK CBStreamIn(DWORD dwCookie, LPBYTE pbBuff, LONG cb, LONG *pcb)
{
CString *pstr = (CString*)dwCookie;
if (pstr->GetLength() < cb)
{
*pcb = pstr->GetLength();
memcpy(pbBuff, (LPCSTR) *pstr, *pcb);
pstr->Empty();
}
else
{
*pcb = cb;
memcpy(pbBuff, (LPCSTR) *pstr, *pcb);
*pstr = pstr->Right(pstr->GetLength() - cb);
}
return 0;
}
Try if setting headers in the RTF works. Check following link
http://www.biblioscape.com/rtf15_spec.htm
Check if this works in your richeditctrl.
{\\rtf1\\ansi\\deff0{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Calibri;}}\\par Simple \\b example \\b0}
I want to find all the input languages for the keyboard, the ones that you switch between with LEFT ALT + SHIFT.
I can get the default locale and the installed/supported locales with win API but I could not find anywhere anything about the input locales for the keyboard.
You have to use GetKeyboardLayoutList function.
For example, to output in console all keyboard input languages you can use this code:
UINT uLayouts;
HKL *lpList = NULL;
wchar_t szBuf[512];
uLayouts = GetKeyboardLayoutList(0, NULL);
lpList = (HKL*)LocalAlloc(LPTR, (uLayouts * sizeof(HKL)));
uLayouts = GetKeyboardLayoutList(uLayouts, lpList);
for(int i = 0; i < uLayouts; ++i)
{
GetLocaleInfo(MAKELCID(((UINT)lpList[i] & 0xffffffff),
SORT_DEFAULT), LOCALE_SLANGUAGE, szBuf, 512);
wprintf(L"%s\n", szBuf);
memset(szBuf, 0, 512);
}
if(lpList)
LocalFree(lpList);
My goal is to simply use a pop-up box to ask the user for an input. I've searched around quite a bit and pretty much all the results say that creating a messageBox is really easy:
MessageBox (NULL, "Hello World" , "Hello", MB_OKCANCEL);
But that creating a pop-up that takes input is more involved and there isn't a straight forward way to do it. All of the results I could find on Google were dated somewhere from 2001 to 2005. I guess I'm here asking if some more straight forward solution has come about in recent years.
Hopefully something nice and straight forward like in Java:
int number = JOptionPane.showInputDialog ("Enter an integer");
If that isn't the case, could I get a brief explanation of how to do it?
Edit: I couldn't get anything to work. :( I ended up writing the code to do the work in Java, and then wrote one line of C++ code to call the .jar file. :-/ Since the issue was time sensitive, it was better than nothing.
If you are using Visual C++ Express there are a number of free resource editors that can be used to create dialogs. ResEdit is one of the better ones I've found.
You need to create a dialog resource in a .RC file that you add to your project.
Then, It is a very simple case of calling DialogBox - which will load the dialog box from your resource file and place it on the screen. The passed in DialogProc will be called with a number of notifications. Typically you would want to return FALSE for everything, but handle WM_INITDIALOG as a place to initialize the edit control with text, and WM_COMMAND will be sent when a button is clicked.
There is nothing like that for pure C++. Basically what you're trying to do can only be achieved by using an API call to the OS or by using some GUI library like Qt (which I recommend cause it's waaaaay easier then calling native APIs and it's also multi-platform)
Using Qt you can show an input dialog pretty much the same way you do it on java:
bool ok;
QString text = QInputDialog::getText(
"MyApp 3000", "Enter your name:", QLineEdit::Normal,
QString::null, &ok, this );
if ( ok && !text.isEmpty() ) {
// user entered something and pressed OK
} else {
// user entered nothing or pressed Cancel
}
You can download the Qt library here: qt.nokia.com/products/developer-tools/
Microsoft doesn't consider your use case to be common enough to optimize for, as with MessageBox. They expect you to lay out a dialog with many controls on it, perhaps with some complex interaction with the controls, and only respond once the dialog is fully filled in. What you're asking for is just the simplified version of that.
The resource editor is the easiest way to create a dialog, but that's not included in the free Express version of Visual Studio. You would design the dialog with a text control for the prompt and an edit control for the user to fill in. You present the dialog with the DialogBox Windows function, and it returns when the user hits the OK button or the X in the corner of the dialog. Microsoft has some documentation for it here.
There are a few platforms available that try to make the process easier, such as MFC, WTL, Qt, and wx, but this is how you'd do it with the pure Windows API.
My answer is based on Stephen Quan's answer to How to load & call a VBScript function from within C++? Added full UTF-8 support, as you can gather from the code comments in the CPP file. Unlike using Microsoft Script Control to create the InputBox, this can be used in x86 and x64 executables, libraries, and controls.
"inputbox.h":
extern "C" char *InputBox(char *Prompt, char *Title = (char *)"", char *Default = (char *)"");
extern "C" char *PasswordBox(char *Prompt, char *Title = (char *)"", char *Default = (char *)"");
"inputbox.cpp":
#include "inputbox.h"
// Windows API
#include <windows.h>
// VBScript InputBox
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <activscp.h>
#include <comdef.h>
// UTF-8 Support
#include <wchar.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using std::string;
using std::wstring;
using std::vector;
static wstring StringWiden(string Str) {
const size_t wchar_tCount = Str.size() + 1;
vector<wchar_t> Buffer(wchar_tCount);
return wstring { Buffer.data(), (size_t)MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, Str.c_str(), -1, Buffer.data(), wchar_tCount) };
}
static string StringShorten(wstring Str) {
int nBytes = (size_t)WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, Str.c_str(), (int)Str.length(), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
vector<char> Buffer((size_t)nBytes);
return string { Buffer.data(), (size_t)WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, Str.c_str(), (int)Str.length(), Buffer.data(), nBytes, NULL, NULL) };
}
static string StringReplaceAll(string Str, string SubStr, string NewStr) {
size_t Position = 0;
const size_t SubLen = SubStr.length(), NewLen = NewStr.length();
while ((Position = Str.find(SubStr, Position)) != string::npos) {
Str.replace(Position, SubLen, NewStr);
Position += NewLen;
}
return Str;
}
static string CPPNewLineToVBSNewLine(string NewLine) {
size_t Position = 0;
while (Position < NewLine.length()) {
if (NewLine[Position] == '\r' || NewLine[Position] == '\n')
NewLine.replace(Position, 2, "\" + vbNewLine + \"");
Position += 1;
}
return NewLine;
}
class CSimpleScriptSite :
public IActiveScriptSite,
public IActiveScriptSiteWindow {
public:
CSimpleScriptSite() : m_cRefCount(1), m_hWnd(NULL) { }
// IUnknown
STDMETHOD_(ULONG, AddRef)();
STDMETHOD_(ULONG, Release)();
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface)(REFIID riid, void** ppvObject);
// IActiveScriptSite
STDMETHOD(GetLCID)(LCID* plcid) { *plcid = 0; return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(GetItemInfo)(LPCOLESTR pstrName, DWORD dwReturnMask, IUnknown** ppiunkItem, ITypeInfo** ppti) { return TYPE_E_ELEMENTNOTFOUND; }
STDMETHOD(GetDocVersionString)(BSTR* pbstrVersion) { *pbstrVersion = SysAllocString(L"1.0"); return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(OnScriptTerminate)(const VARIANT* pvarResult, const EXCEPINFO* pexcepinfo) { return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(OnStateChange)(SCRIPTSTATE ssScriptState) { return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(OnScriptError)(IActiveScriptError* pIActiveScriptError) { return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(OnEnterScript)(void) { return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(OnLeaveScript)(void) { return S_OK; }
// IActiveScriptSiteWindow
STDMETHOD(GetWindow)(HWND* phWnd) { *phWnd = m_hWnd; return S_OK; }
STDMETHOD(EnableModeless)(BOOL fEnable) { return S_OK; }
// Miscellaneous
STDMETHOD(SetWindow)(HWND hWnd) { m_hWnd = hWnd; return S_OK; }
public:
LONG m_cRefCount;
HWND m_hWnd;
};
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CSimpleScriptSite::AddRef() {
return InterlockedIncrement(&m_cRefCount);
}
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CSimpleScriptSite::Release() {
if (!InterlockedDecrement(&m_cRefCount)) {
delete this;
return 0;
}
return m_cRefCount;
}
STDMETHODIMP CSimpleScriptSite::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppvObject)
{
if (riid == IID_IUnknown || riid == IID_IActiveScriptSiteWindow) {
*ppvObject = (IActiveScriptSiteWindow*)this;
AddRef();
return NOERROR;
}
if (riid == IID_IActiveScriptSite) {
*ppvObject = (IActiveScriptSite*)this;
AddRef();
return NOERROR;
}
return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
static HHOOK hHook = 0;
static bool HideInput = false;
static LRESULT CALLBACK InputBoxProc(int nCode, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
if (nCode < HC_ACTION)
return CallNextHookEx(hHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
if (nCode = HCBT_ACTIVATE) {
if (HideInput == true) {
HWND TextBox = FindWindowExA((HWND)wParam, NULL, "Edit", NULL);
SendDlgItemMessageW((HWND)wParam, GetDlgCtrlID(TextBox), EM_SETPASSWORDCHAR, L'\x25cf', 0);
}
}
if (nCode = HCBT_CREATEWND) {
if (!(GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)wParam, GWL_STYLE) & WS_CHILD))
SetWindowLongPtr((HWND)wParam, GWL_EXSTYLE, GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)wParam, GWL_EXSTYLE) | WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME);
}
return CallNextHookEx(hHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}
static char *InputBoxHelper(char *Prompt, char *Title, char *Default) {
// Initialize
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
CSimpleScriptSite* pScriptSite = new CSimpleScriptSite();
CComPtr<IActiveScript> spVBScript;
CComPtr<IActiveScriptParse> spVBScriptParse;
hr = spVBScript.CoCreateInstance(OLESTR("VBScript"));
hr = spVBScript->SetScriptSite(pScriptSite);
hr = spVBScript->QueryInterface(&spVBScriptParse);
hr = spVBScriptParse->InitNew();
// Replace quotes with double quotes
string strPrompt = StringReplaceAll(Prompt, "\"", "\"\"");
string strTitle = StringReplaceAll(Title, "\"", "\"\"");
string strDefault = StringReplaceAll(Default, "\"", "\"\"");
// Create evaluation string
string Evaluation = "InputBox(\"" + strPrompt + "\", \"" + strTitle + "\", \"" + strDefault + "\")";
Evaluation = CPPNewLineToVBSNewLine(Evaluation);
wstring WideEval = StringWiden(Evaluation);
// Run InpuBox
CComVariant result;
EXCEPINFO ei = {};
DWORD ThreadID = GetCurrentThreadId();
HINSTANCE ModHwnd = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
hr = pScriptSite->SetWindow(GetAncestor(GetActiveWindow(), GA_ROOTOWNER));
hHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_CBT, &InputBoxProc, ModHwnd, ThreadID);
hr = spVBScriptParse->ParseScriptText(WideEval.c_str(), NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, SCRIPTTEXT_ISEXPRESSION, &result, &ei);
UnhookWindowsHookEx(hHook);
// Cleanup
spVBScriptParse = NULL;
spVBScript = NULL;
pScriptSite->Release();
pScriptSite = NULL;
CoUninitialize();
// Result
static string strResult;
_bstr_t bstrResult = (_bstr_t)result;
strResult = StringShorten((wchar_t*)bstrResult);
return (char*)strResult.c_str();
}
char *InputBox(char *Prompt, char *Title, char *Default) {
HideInput = false;
return InputBoxHelper(Prompt, Title, Default);
}
char *PasswordBox(char *Prompt, char *Title, char *Default) {
HideInput = true;
return InputBoxHelper(Prompt, Title, Default);
}
Create the two above files and then add them to your Visual Studio project.
In any file you want the input or password box functions, (found in the header), simply include the header:
#include "inputbox.h"
// use functions here
I also got rid of the default Windows application icon in the title bar of the VBScript InputBox, because a lot of people I've seen complain about how ugly it is to see that there.
Let me know if you have any questions.
I have to admit that I haven't really done much in the way of input boxes in ages, but you basically have to go outside C++ in order to get any kind of graphical input box. There's simply no mechanism built into the language for that kind of stuff for portability reasons. I don't remember if it applied to C++ as well, but C doesn't even assume you have a console. Anyway, your best bet would be something along the lines you were already trying: Win32 API, Qt, etc. If you can use the console, however, feel free to just use the iostream library to get the job done.
Using a console window is better suited to the mode of communication where a program prompts the user, continues, prompts the user again, and so on.
And for that you can use the standard library's facilities like cin and cout.
Unlike Visual Basic and other languages, there is no "built in" Input Box like command in c++. Unlike MessageBox that can be just invoked, InputBox() needs to be written. In fact, I have done so. The following article describes how to implement such InputBox as part of a small Static Library that can be used, with no Resources, from any Win32 c++ program. Source code at Github. It can be used as follow:
LPWSTR GetString(LPCTSTR szCaption, LPCTSTR szPrompt, LPCTSTR szDefaultText = L"");
For example:
LPWSTR result = SG_InputBox::GetString(
L"Code Project Demo",
L"What is your name");
try this:
InputBox in c++ vs2010
#include "stdafx.h"
#using <system.windows.forms.dll>
#using <Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll>
using namespace System;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
Microsoft::VisualBasic::Interaction::InputBox(L"Hello", L"Title", L"DefResp", 500, 500);
return 0;
}